Which land-use planning measures reduce risk near active faults and volcanic zones?

• A. Zoning that restricts building near fault traces or on unstable slopes
• B. Expanding development right up to fault traces
• C. Lowering building codes to speed up construction
• D. Reducing open space buffers around hazard zones

Answer: (A)

The main idea is that land-use planning reduces risk by keeping people and structures out of areas likely to be harmed by hazards. Zoning that restricts building near fault traces or on unstable slopes directly lowers exposure to ground rupture, landslides, and rapid ground deformation during earthquakes or volcanic activity. It also preserves space for safe evacuation routes, emergency access, and natural barriers that can help absorb or slow hazard impacts.

Expanding development right up to fault traces would increase exposure and potential damage. Lowering building codes would make structures less able to withstand hazards, not reduce risk. Reducing open space buffers removes important clearance and containment, increasing the chance that hazards affect developed areas.