Which utilities were affected by the Nepal earthquake?

• A. Power, water, and communications were affected.
• B. Food production increased.
• C. Internet access remained fully functional.
• D. Only shelter was provided.

Answer: (A)

Disasters disrupt the basic services communities rely on every day, and the Nepal earthquake showed how critical utilities can be hit hard. Electricity, water, and telecommunications are all concentrated, essential networks that are especially vulnerable when ground movement damages lines, pipes, and towers. Power outages occurred as substations and transmission lines were damaged, making hospitals, rescue teams, and homes without reliable electricity. Water supply was disrupted because pumps and pipelines were damaged, so clean water became scarce and sanitation suffered. Communications networks took a hit too—cell towers and cables lost power or were overwhelmed, hindering people from calling for help or receiving updates and slowing relief coordination. The other options don’t fit because food production doesn’t increase after such an event; Internet access is not typically fully functional in the immediate aftermath due to damage and congestion; and relief is not limited to shelter—systems for power, water, and communications are crucial for any effective response.